Try to keep the tense of the original:
-
hears the boy
-
goes out to...
...you will get to the past tenses later.
Btw., "in" followed by accusative translates very often just as simple "to". If you wish to instinctively see how it differs from "ad", then check these animations.
THREAD: animated-illustration-of-prepositions-their-cases
It is useful to get used to it, since many of the English "to" later on (when trying to translate from English) are best rendered by the
in+acc and not by
add+acc. If you remember the animations, you will have the instinct how to always use them correctly.
... but for the sake of the future to-Latin translation, I suppose "into" will give you a better clue during the re-translation.
Vocare=to call, but the infinitive can’t be translated literally here (obviously).
Yes, in English it is one instance where you can translate the infinitive with an
-ing form (referring to our previous conversation about
-ing forms not always corresponding to the Latin present participle, like here). Literally it's "
hears the boy to call" but that may not always sound optimal in English...
Infinitives are most often translated as:
1) bare infinitive (just simply
call as in "I can call to him.")
2) full infinitive: infinitive with "to" ("
to be or not to be")*
3)
-ing form when following some verbs where the "to [do/verb]" infinitive sounds awkward in English
----
4) Latin form called
supine I which you may or may not know yet translates as English full infinitive often.
- be careful. In English, the full infinitive can also express a purpose as in: Tom went to see his friend. <- This is not possible to express with infinitive in Latin. Latin infinitives in 90+% cannot express a purpose like this. In this case, one could use "supine I" in place of an infinitive, since it follows a verb of motion (with a destination), thus fulfilling the criteria for the use of supine I. Then there are other ways how to express a purpose in Latin, but infinitive is not one of them.
And then probably also some other more obscure cases (I could imagine infinitive translated as an action noun e.g.)...
At the end of the day, it is not important to know all the ways to translate the infinitive by heart. Important is the bare understanding of the Latin and an ability to express it in the target language no matter whether you follow the structure and the grammar exactly or not, but once you understand it, you will feel what is right to say in the target language you're translating to. Although in this particular exercise you do try to be literal, since the English translation is only a middle stage...
